| 951 |
Portuguese, Brandon Johnson(
Authored Entry
) ...leaders also petitioned to have the city of Chicago recognize the Portuguese community by flying the...
...people of Portuguese ancestry for Cook County, of whom 871 resided within Chicago's city limits....
...into exile in 1846. Few Portuguese settled in Chicago, however, before the Iberian nation's 1974...
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| 952 |
Bridge Tenders, Page 1, Ann Durkin Keating(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Photo Essay)
) ...Solitary Lives Interpretive Digital Essay : Water in Chicago Water...
...in Chicago Essay: People and the Port Photo...
...Essays: Solitary Lives City of Bridges Chicago Harbors Essay: Using the Chicago River Photo Essays:...
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| 953 |
Nursery Schools, David Blanke(
Authored Entry
) ...below the poverty line. By 2001, 18,000 children in Chicago had enrolled at more than 500 Head Start...
...locations. Begun in 1967, the Chicago Parent-Child Project shared Head Start's goals and partnered...
...that cared for pre-school-age children in Chicago began in the late nineteenth century. Reflecting...
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| 954 |
Dance Training, Nancy G. Moore(
Authored Entry
) ...study of ballet included Daniel Duell's Ballet Chicago and the Ruth Page Foundation School of Dance....
...In Chicago, dance classes were multicultural and technically diverse long before such training was...
...dancers. Mary Wood Hinman, an innovative Chicago educator who thought that the study of dance should...
|
| 955 |
Impresarios, Mark Clague(
Authored Entry
) ...which helped elevate jazz to the realm of “art music” and confirmed Chicago's role in this history....
...a vital role in bringing performing arts to Chicago. Beginning with hotel and theater owners and...
...into entertainment, profit, and prestige. Chicago's first impresario was probably Harry Isherwood,...
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| 956 |
Arts Funding, Jane Preston(
Authored Entry
) ...industrialist backing of the previous century. Chicago became, at the end of the twentieth century,...
...Chicago's traditions of arts funding have roots in the business community and civic leadership of...
...wealthy philanthropists who went on to found other major Chicago cultural institutions. The World's...
|
| 957 |
Climate, Wayne M. Wendland(
Authored Entry
) ...Chicago's climate is attributable to its location, roughly halfway between the equator and the North...
...can produce heavy, lake-effect snowfalls. Chicago's weather records begin in the 1830s, first taken...
...are systematically cooler by a few degrees. Chicago's summers are dominated by warm, humid air...
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| 958 |
Clubs, Fraternal, David M. Fahey(
Authored Entry
) ...and prohibition. The publication in 1893 of the Chicago Directory of Lodges and Benevolent Societies...
...the popularity of fraternal societies in Chicago during the late nineteenth century. It listed...
...the Odd Fellows, and, most recently, the Elks. Chicago's first Masonic lodge was chartered in 1843....
|
| 959 |
Environmentalism, David Stradling(
Authored Entry
) ...at the Civic Center Plaza and by thousands of Chicago-area students who collected trash around their...
...prevent standing water , and the reversal of the Chicago River's flow to keep sewage from entering...
...health. This early effort led to the creation of Chicago's landscaped parks, including Jackson ,...
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| 960 |
Logan Square, Elizabeth A. Patterson(
Authored Entry
) ...large, densely populated community northwest of Chicago's Loop . Long home to immigrant populations,...
...the community is named. The area is bounded on the east by the Chicago River and bisected diagonally...
...by Milwaukee Avenue, one of Chicago's main commercial thoroughfares. The open prairie that would...
|
| 961 |
American Civil Liberties Union, Ian McGiver(
Authored Entry
) ...U.S. Supreme Court to defeat the city of Chicago's attempts to institute an antiloitering ordinance....
...which then became the ACLU. Although initially Chicago did not have a local branch of the ACLU, its...
...major case, the Scopes Monkey Trial. In 1929 Chicago members of the ACLU grew alarmed at what they...
|
| 962 |
Armenians, Robert Morrissey(
Authored Entry
) ...political divide within the Armenian community of Chicago continued into the twenty-first century....
...The first Armenians came to Chicago during the mid-1800s. Assisted by Protestant missionary teachers...
...return home. Many of the earliest Armenians in Chicago attained considerable success, most notably...
|
| 963 |
Theater Buildings, Scott Fosdick(
Authored Entry
) ...had a profound effect on the history of theater in Chicago. By influencing the number and type of...
...in this city. In this context, the history of Chicago theater buildings divides into three general...
...aesthetic that has sometimes been called the Chicago Style. At the end of the twentieth century,...
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| 964 |
Hmong, Tracy Steffes(
Authored Entry
) ...there. By 2000, only a few hundred Hmong remained in the Chicago area, primarily Christian families....
...The first Hmong to migrate to Chicago came as refugees from Laos after the ascension of the...
...in Illinois in Dixon, Wheaton , Ottawa, and Chicago faced a difficult adjustment to life in highly...
|
| 965 |
Jordanians, Stephen R. Porter(
Authored Entry
) ...area known as the “West Bank” makes defining Chicago Jordanians a complicated task. Wrested from the...
...Jordanian passports. Most people migrating to Chicago with Jordanian passports in the second half of...
...the current borders of Jordan began settling on Chicago's Near West and Southwest Sides in the late...
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| 966 |
Local Option, Rachel E. Bohlmann(
Authored Entry
) ...liquor licenses. The law, ineffectual against Chicago's liquor traffic and thoroughly opposed by its...
...1841. Some communities in Cook County feared Chicago's immoral influence, which they saw exemplified...
...govern themselves on the issue, independent of Chicago's power. Oak Park used this law to dry up in...
|
| 967 |
Lower West Side, Gabriela F. Arredondo(
Authored Entry
) ...traditionally served as a point of entry to Chicago for working-class immigrants from a broad range...
...The area is bounded on the south and east by the Chicago River , and on the north and west by the...
...its neighborhoods—especially Pilsen and Heart of Chicago—have been vibrant and dynamic enclaves for...
|
| 968 |
The Sanitary and Ship Canal, Ann Durkin Keating(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Photo Essay)
) ...workers shown doing the dirtiest and hardest labor. The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago ©...
...2005 Chicago Historical Society....
...The Encyclopedia of Chicago © 2004 The Newberry Library. All Rights Reserved. Portions are...
|
| 969 |
Zambians, Tracy Steffes(
Authored Entry
) ...with Americans and other immigrant groups in Chicago. In addition to the important role it plays as...
...The first Zambians in Chicago probably came as students in the 1970s and 1980s. After Zambian...
...and established small communities in Washington DC, Chicago, New York, New Jersey, and Indiana. The...
|
| 970 |
International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Moving Picture Technicians, Artists and Allied Crafts, Laurie Pintar(
Authored Entry
) ...and theaters was firmly established. Although Chicago's history has been punctuated by the presence...
...in 1935, the union's impact on the city pales in comparison to the impact Chicago has had on the IA....
...1930s, the IA came under the control of Chicago's infamous Capone-Nitti gang. For the remainder of...
|