| 961 |
American Civil Liberties Union, Ian McGiver(
Authored Entry
) ...U.S. Supreme Court to defeat the city of Chicago's attempts to institute an antiloitering ordinance....
...which then became the ACLU. Although initially Chicago did not have a local branch of the ACLU, its...
...major case, the Scopes Monkey Trial. In 1929 Chicago members of the ACLU grew alarmed at what they...
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| 962 |
Armenians, Robert Morrissey(
Authored Entry
) ...political divide within the Armenian community of Chicago continued into the twenty-first century....
...The first Armenians came to Chicago during the mid-1800s. Assisted by Protestant missionary teachers...
...return home. Many of the earliest Armenians in Chicago attained considerable success, most notably...
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| 963 |
Theater Buildings, Scott Fosdick(
Authored Entry
) ...had a profound effect on the history of theater in Chicago. By influencing the number and type of...
...in this city. In this context, the history of Chicago theater buildings divides into three general...
...aesthetic that has sometimes been called the Chicago Style. At the end of the twentieth century,...
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| 964 |
Hmong, Tracy Steffes(
Authored Entry
) ...there. By 2000, only a few hundred Hmong remained in the Chicago area, primarily Christian families....
...The first Hmong to migrate to Chicago came as refugees from Laos after the ascension of the...
...in Illinois in Dixon, Wheaton , Ottawa, and Chicago faced a difficult adjustment to life in highly...
|
| 965 |
Jordanians, Stephen R. Porter(
Authored Entry
) ...area known as the “West Bank” makes defining Chicago Jordanians a complicated task. Wrested from the...
...Jordanian passports. Most people migrating to Chicago with Jordanian passports in the second half of...
...the current borders of Jordan began settling on Chicago's Near West and Southwest Sides in the late...
|
| 966 |
Local Option, Rachel E. Bohlmann(
Authored Entry
) ...liquor licenses. The law, ineffectual against Chicago's liquor traffic and thoroughly opposed by its...
...1841. Some communities in Cook County feared Chicago's immoral influence, which they saw exemplified...
...govern themselves on the issue, independent of Chicago's power. Oak Park used this law to dry up in...
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| 967 |
Lower West Side, Gabriela F. Arredondo(
Authored Entry
) ...traditionally served as a point of entry to Chicago for working-class immigrants from a broad range...
...The area is bounded on the south and east by the Chicago River , and on the north and west by the...
...its neighborhoods—especially Pilsen and Heart of Chicago—have been vibrant and dynamic enclaves for...
|
| 968 |
The Sanitary and Ship Canal, Ann Durkin Keating(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Photo Essay)
) ...workers shown doing the dirtiest and hardest labor. The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago ©...
...2005 Chicago Historical Society....
...The Encyclopedia of Chicago © 2004 The Newberry Library. All Rights Reserved. Portions are...
|
| 969 |
Zambians, Tracy Steffes(
Authored Entry
) ...with Americans and other immigrant groups in Chicago. In addition to the important role it plays as...
...The first Zambians in Chicago probably came as students in the 1970s and 1980s. After Zambian...
...and established small communities in Washington DC, Chicago, New York, New Jersey, and Indiana. The...
|
| 970 |
International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Moving Picture Technicians, Artists and Allied Crafts, Laurie Pintar(
Authored Entry
) ...and theaters was firmly established. Although Chicago's history has been punctuated by the presence...
...in 1935, the union's impact on the city pales in comparison to the impact Chicago has had on the IA....
...1930s, the IA came under the control of Chicago's infamous Capone-Nitti gang. For the remainder of...
|
| 971 |
Polio, Ann Durkin Keating(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Photo Essay)
) ...See also: Water ; Epidemics Unofficial Rules for the Polio Epidemic, 1952 Creator: Chicago Tribune...
...Source: Chicago Historical Society (ICHi-38030)...
...On September 13, 1952, the Chicago Tribune reported that more than seven hundred people had...
|
| 972 |
Scots, June Skinner Sawyers(
Authored Entry
) ...members of the professional or merchant class. Chicago's Scots established their own organizations,...
...the Scottish American community. In 1846 Chicago Scots founded the Illinois Saint Andrew Society,...
...Scottish immigrants played major roles in Chicago's early development. John Kinzie was probably...
|
| 973 |
Thais, Paul D. Numrich(
Authored Entry
) ...practices in nearby states, particularly Michigan, though they maintain ties to the Chicago region....
...Thai immigration to metropolitan Chicago has mirrored national immigration patterns for this...
...leaders founded the Thai Association of Greater Chicago in 1969, which incorporated as a nonprofit...
|
| 974 |
Togolese, Charles Adams Cogan and Nourou Yakoubou and Ben Kokouvi Mensah(
Authored Entry
) ...the Togolese scholars visiting or teaching on Chicago's North Side were drawn there by the Africana...
...Togolese immigrants are among Chicago's most recent arrivals. From a...
...members in the 1970s, the Togolese community in Chicago grew rapidly in the 1980s, when closer ties...
|
| 975 |
Turks, James S. Kessler(
Authored Entry
) ...weekend Turkish-language school. In addition, Chicago has also been the site of a Turkish consulate...
...Turks constitute a small proportion of Chicago's population, with an estimated total of 5,000...
...arrived in the United States in general and Chicago in particular prior to World War I is difficult....
|
| 976 |
Ugandans, Tracy N. Poe(
Authored Entry
) ...Ugandan immigration to Chicago has taken place in four waves. The first,...
...who came to study at the University of Chicago , Loyola University , and the Illinois Institute of...
...cabinet member Luyimbazi Zake settle in the Chicago area during this period, establishing Chicago's...
|
| 977 |
Bensenville, IL, Aaron Harwig(
Authored Entry
) ...airport suburb, reflecting the changes of the Chicago area. As in other DuPage communities, the...
...dairy products. A stage road connecting Chicago, Elgin, and Galena and a plankroad that paralleled...
...in the region. The opening of the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad in 1849 to the south also...
|
| 978 |
Beverly Shores, IN, Elizabeth A. Patterson(
Authored Entry
) ...interurban rail line initially known as the Chicago, Lake Shore & South Bend, which began to...
...provide through-service from South Bend to Chicago shortly after 1900....
...Chicago utilities magnate Samuel Insull reorganized the railroad as the Chicago, South Shore & South...
|
| 979 |
Welsh, Anne Kelly Knowles(
Authored Entry
) ...The Welsh have left a light trace on Chicago. Although the city was once home to one of the largest...
...through cities like New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago en route to agricultural areas or coal and...
...the Welsh did make their presence felt in Chicago—during the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893....
|
| 980 |
Beninese, Tracy Steffes(
Authored Entry
) ...in size in the 1990s, Beninese began to move to Chicago and other major cities in search of economic...
...encouraging friends and family to follow. In Chicago, many Beninese women established African...
...educated migrants from Benin and Europe came to Chicago in the late 1990s for graduate education and...
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