| 1171 |
Turnvereins, John B. Jentz(
Authored Entry
) ...socialism . Like German American ethnic culture, Chicago's Turnvereins declined amid the twentieth...
...Like their counterparts here and abroad, Chicago's Turnvereins grew out of the nineteenth-century...
...the United States. Drawing on such immigrants, Chicago's Turners founded their first organization in...
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| 1172 |
West Ridge, Patricia Mooney-Melvin(
Authored Entry
) ...Jews moved to West Ridge from other parts of Chicago and were joined by a steady stream of Russian...
...in 1890. Despite local controversy over annexation to Chicago in 1893, proponents prevailed and...
...West Ridge became part of Chicago. Unlike in Rogers Park, annexation did not bring immediate growth....
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| 1173 |
Law, R. Ben Brown(
Authored Entry
) ...of this revolution. Law firms with ties to Chicago were leaders in developing the expertise to deal...
...As Chicago's businesses grew in the late nineteenth century, so too did the city's need for a cadre...
...in the early 1990s. Moreover, the ranks of Chicago lawyers gradually, and sometimes grudgingly,...
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| 1174 |
Invitation and Solicitation, (
Interpretive Digital Essay (Gallery)
) ...not attend, the viewings went on as scheduled. Creator: Committee on Plan of Chicago, Commercial...
...Club of Chicago Source: Art...
...Institute of Chicago Illustration 2561 3290 Burnham Plan Commercial Club of Chicago Planning Chicago...
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| 1175 |
Race Riots, Steven Essig(
Authored Entry
) ...that the issues surrounding racial violence are by no means a finished chapter in Chicago history....
...Chicago developed a reputation as a cauldron of specifically “racial” conflict and violence largely...
...periods of economic crisis or postwar tension. Chicago's most famous race riot of this type occurred...
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| 1176 |
Rear Houses, Joseph C. Bigott(
Authored Entry
) ...along an alley, ca. 1900. Photographer: Unknown. Source: University of Illinois at Chicago. FIGURE 1...
...ubiquitous residences for the working class in Chicago. Typically one-story, rectangular buildings...
...brick buildings on the front of the lot. Chicago's housing reformers universally condemned rear...
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| 1177 |
Socialist Parties, Daniel A. Graff(
Authored Entry
) ...as the left flank of the labor movement in Chicago, proving instrumental in the rise of industrial...
...as a viable leftist political presence within Chicago, but the socialist legacy continued to live on...
...Socialists first attracted notice in Chicago during the depression of the mid-1870s, when the...
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| 1178 |
Belarusians, Vitaut Kipel(
Authored Entry
) ...a variety of ethnic community parades. Chicago's orthodox congregation, St. George Belarusian...
...Belarusian immigrants began to settle in Chicago around the end of the nineteenth century. Labeled “...
...approximately 25,000 Belarusians living in Chicago. The Republic of Belarus is located in roughly...
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| 1179 |
Breweries, Harold L. Platt(
Authored Entry
) ...Eighteenth Amendment, marking the end of Chicago's role as a vibrant center of innovation . After...
...closed their doors. Industrial beer making in Chicago languished until the 1980s. Attempts to reopen...
...big business . Outside of New York City, Chicago became the nation's largest center of the malt...
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| 1180 |
Clearing, Clinton E. Stockwell(
Authored Entry
) ...Community Area 64, 10 miles SW of the Loop. Chicago annexed much of the area known as Clearing in...
...John Wentworth, a U.S. Senator and mayor of Chicago. Wentworth built a house in 1868 at the corner...
...switching yard. A. B. Stickney , president of the Chicago Great Western Railroad , laid out a plan...
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| 1181 |
Albanians, Nicholas C. Pano(
Authored Entry
) ...most prominent Americans with roots in the Chicago-area Albanian community are Ferid Murad, a 1998...
...in Gary and Whiting , Indiana, as well as in Chicago, Argo ( Summit ), and Madison, Illinois....
...approximately 1,000 Albanians resided in greater Chicago and northern Illinois, with an additional...
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| 1182 |
Apartments, Carroll William Westfall(
Authored Entry
) ...east of Michigan Avenue and south of the Chicago River are numerous undistinguished apartment...
...From Chicago's earliest experience with multifamily residences until the 1930s, the single-family...
...ganged at a party wall, have been staples in Chicago. The most graceful grouping, introduced in...
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| 1183 |
Highwood, IL, Lisa Cervac(
Authored Entry
) ...area's best restaurants outside the city of Chicago. With the closing of Fort Sheridan in 1993, the...
...Once a four block by four block anomaly on Chicago's North Shore, Highwood doubled in size with the...
...of the Skokie ravine, the highest point between Chicago and Milwaukee. Along the Green Bay Trail,...
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| 1184 |
Lebanese, Sarah Gualtieri(
Authored Entry
) ...interests. Students, for example, came to Chicago to attend university and went on to work as...
...owned retail stores, groceries , and bakeries in Chicago are also a product of the second wave of...
...lived in the United States. The Lebanese in Chicago trace their roots to one of two large waves of...
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| 1185 |
Art Centers, Alternative, Lynne Warren(
Authored Entry
) ...Space was no longer a viable paradigm for the promotion and exhibition of visual arts in Chicago....
...particularly museums and commercial galleries. In Chicago, many of these have taken the form of...
...gallery which later became the Art Institute of Chicago ; the Neo-Arlimusc group, founded in 1926 by...
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| 1186 |
Mafia, G. Robert Blakey(
Authored Entry
) ...is down to 1,150, with 750 in New York and 50 in Chicago. The national commission, fearful of FBI...
...5,000, including 2,500 in New York and 300 in Chicago. It comprised 24 borgate (families), headed by...
...families in Buffalo, Philadelphia, Detroit, and Chicago. The families engaged in illegal activities—...
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| 1187 |
Public Works, Federal Funding for, Howard Rosen(
Authored Entry
) ...From its earliest beginnings Chicago's public works infrastructure has intermittently been the focus...
...and regional bodies. Fort Dearborn , built near what is now Michigan Avenue and the Chicago River in...
...1803, arguably was Chicago's first public work. In 1833 Congress appropriated $25,000 to enable the...
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| 1188 |
Fuller Park, Clinton E. Stockwell(
Authored Entry
) ...due south of Comiskey Park , the home of the American League Chicago White Sox baseball team....
...One of Chicago's smallest community areas, this narrow two-mile strip lies between the Dan Ryan...
...Island Railroad Metra lines to the east and the Chicago & Western Indiana Railroad to the west. The...
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| 1189 |
Jefferson Park, Marilyn Elizabeth Perry(
Authored Entry
) ...to live up to its nickname, “Gateway to Chicago. ” Located at the northwest edge of the city, the...
...English , had settled. To get their produce to the Chicago markets they traveled on often mud-filled...
...of approximately 50 buildings. When the Chicago, St. Paul & Fond du Lac Railroad (Chicago & North...
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| 1190 |
Subsidized Housing, Devereux Bowly, Jr.(
Authored Entry
) ...for high-rise housing. Photographer: Clarence W. Hines. Source: Chicago Historical Society. FIGURE 1...
...Mention Chicago's subsidized housing and most people think...
...public housing : specifically, imposing rows of Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) high-rise buildings....
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