| 571 |
Potawatomis, R. David Edmunds(
Authored Entry
) ...of land in northern Illinois, but after 1840 most Potawatomis were gone from the Chicago region....
...in Wisconsin. By the 1690s Potawatomis had migrated into the Chicago region, establishing small...
...settlements along the Calumet , Chicago , and Des Plaines Rivers. Joined by kinsmen from...
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| 572 |
Libraries, Cook County, Alice Calabrese(
Authored Entry
) ...Cook County Libraries Suburban Libraries Chicago has been home to a great number and variety of...
...Young Men's Association (later to become the Chicago Library Association) established a reading room...
...and ethnic libraries. In 1856–57 alone, the Chicago Historical Society , Board of Trade, Chicago...
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| 573 |
Religious Geography, Lowell W. Livezey and Mark Bouman(
Authored Entry
) ...Wherever people have settled in metropolitan Chicago, they have built churches and synagogues, and...
...places of worship across the space of metropolitan Chicago is part of a broader story involving the...
...and geographic expansion of religion in Chicago reflected the growth, diversification, and...
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| 574 |
Public Health, Jennifer Koslow(
Authored Entry
) ...symptoms and high mortality rates, prompted Chicago's first official public health action in early...
...to the Black Hawk War brought cholera to Chicago, helping to spread what was already a worldwide...
...and puckered appearance and death within 24 hours. Chicago's 4,000 residents turned toward the state...
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| 575 |
Journalism, Bill Savage(
Authored Entry
) ...supplanted Al Capone as the personification of Chicago across the world. In whatever form—the daily...
...the alternative press and cable television, Chicago journalism has provided both the fertile ground...
...the city emerge. The unprecedented growth of Chicago made its newspapers a vital part of creating a...
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| 576 |
Sacred Music, Philip V. Bohlman(
Authored Entry
) ...Chicago's sacred music traditions have historically formed from a tension between mainline and...
...and difference, sacred music has reflected and influenced Chicago's rich religious heritage....
...During its history, Chicago has been home to numerous mainline sacred music traditions that have...
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| 577 |
Lithuanians, Alfred Erich Senn(
Authored Entry
) ...community. In 1998 Lithuanian voters elected a Chicago Lithuanian, Valdas Adamkus, as president of...
...returned to Lithuania. At the end of the 1990s, Chicago Lithuanians had closer ties to the homeland...
...metropolitan area claimed some Lithuanian ancestry. Chicago's place in Lithuanian history rests on a...
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| 578 |
Agricultural Machinery Industry, Fred Carstensen(
Authored Entry
) ...outside the Chicago area. As a result, the Chicago-area plants were increasingly outdated and...
...the agricultural machinery industry no longer held a significant place in the Chicago-area economy....
...to consolidate manufacture of his reaper in Chicago. Since developing the first successful reaper in...
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| 579 |
Networks of Rails, Sarah S. Marcus(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Gallery)
) ...and its service. See also: Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters ; Global Chicago ; Innovation,...
...Invention, Chicago Business ; Pullman Inc. ; Railroads Sarah...
...S. Marcus The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago © 2005 Chicago Historical Society. The Encyclopedia...
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| 580 |
Roman Catholics, Steve Rosswurm(
Authored Entry
) ...rate. These issues will continue to engage the Chicago Catholic Church for the foreseeable future....
...Providence of God Church, founded in 1900 as Chicago's second Lithuanian parish. Moving west on 18th...
...Vía Crucis ends after services at St. Adalbert, Chicago's third Polish parish, formed in 1874. i3836...
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| 581 |
Introduction, Sarah S. Marcus(
Interpretive Digital Essay
) ...and proposed a multi-component analysis of Chicago's global identity. Michael Conzen, Professor and...
...on Geographical Studies at the University of Chicago, authored much of the text and maps that serve...
...of the piece. Gary L. Johnson, president of the Chicago History Museum, contributed his analysis of...
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| 582 |
Infrastructure, Louis P. Cain(
Authored Entry
) ...the single most important component of Chicago's infrastructure is the Illinois & Michigan Canal ,...
...from the canal, but construction on the canal did not begin until 1836. Even before Chicago became a...
...city, the Chicago River became a federal harbor. A sandbar blocked the mouth of the river, and...
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| 583 |
Film Criticism, Elizabeth D. Schafer(
Authored Entry
) ...understood Siskel and Ebert's commentary, and Chicago's Museum of Broadcast Communications honored...
...them for making film criticism accessible to movie patrons. They won a Chicago Emmy Award and...
...were inducted into the Chicago Journalism Hall of Fame. A section of Erie Street was dedicated...
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| 584 |
Great Migration, James Grossman(
Authored Entry
) ...South generally followed water and rail routes. Chicago’s popularity as a destination rested in part...
...Other railroad lines also offered access to Chicago from these and other parts of the South. Until...
...roots in the upper South. Beginning in 1916, Chicago drew its African American population from the...
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| 585 |
Swedes, Anita Olson Gustafson(
Authored Entry
) ...the early decades of Swedish immigration, Chicago served as a gateway to settlement in agricultural...
...expanding American labor market in cities such as Chicago. By 1910, one-fifth of all people who were...
...originating from rural areas of southern Sweden. Chicago's first Swedish settlement emerged in 1846,...
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| 586 |
Theater, Tony Adler(
Authored Entry
) ...The first public professional performance in Chicago took place in...
...1834, three years before Chicago incorporated as a city. It cost fifty cents for adults, twenty-five...
...1837 that the first local theater company —the Chicago Theater—was established. Harry Isherwood co-...
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| 587 |
Austrians, Philip V. Bohlman(
Authored Entry
) ...to create a malleable identity. Austrians in Chicago therefore maintain a creative culture, one that...
...of Austrian identity, both in Austria and, especially during the twentieth century, in Chicago....
...ancestry at the end of the twentieth century, Chicago is, at least symbolically, the most Austrian...
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| 588 |
Governing the Metropolis, Anthony Orum(
Authored Entry
) ...planning in local government , metropolitan Chicago's numerous and diverse governmental bodies are...
...including 306 public school districts ), Chicago government seems to represent an inefficient use of...
...four general categories of government units in the Chicago metropolitan area has authority over a...
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| 589 |
Medical Societies and Journals, Christopher James Tassava(
Authored Entry
) ...CMS successfully accommodated specialist societies like the Chicago Pathological Society (founded...
...1878) and the Chicago Neurological Society ( founded 1898) by adopting in 1903 a federal-style...
...officers and financial matters to trustees. Chicago's medical community has had great regional and...
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| 590 |
Mail Delivery, Richard R. John(
Authored Entry
) ...out. For much of the twentieth century, the Chicago post office was the largest postal distribution...
...Government mail delivery in Chicago began in 1831 with the appointment of a fur trader as the first...
...passenger travel. The following year, the Chicago post office became a distribution center—testimony...
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