| 741 |
Colombians, A. K. Sandoval-Strausz(
Authored Entry
) ...also provided aid to Colombian newcomers to Chicago. The Colombian consulate has also served as the...
...the homeland. Among the most enduring of many Chicago Colombian organizations is Colombianos Unidos...
...the late 1990s Colombian immigrants constituted Chicago's largest group of South Americans and had...
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| 742 |
Estonians, Bernard Maegi(
Authored Entry
) ...much of the urgency behind the activities of Chicago's Estonian Americans. Faced moreover with a...
...and upward social mobility, the missionary zeal of Chicago's Estonian Americans began to subside....
...Estonian-speaking immigrants formed one of Chicago's most active ethnic communities in the decades...
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| 743 |
Leather and Tanning, David Blanke(
Authored Entry
) ...industry within the city. The closure of Chicago's meatpacking facilities added to these problems by...
...suitcases, ca. 1900. Photographer: Ed Stratton. Source: Chicago Historical Society. FIGURE 1...
...as boots, shoes, horse tack, and book bindings. Chicago's proximity to oak and hemlock tanbark from...
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| 744 |
Portage, David M. Solzman(
Authored Entry
) ...government built Fort Dearborn at the mouth of the Chicago River to guard this portage route....
...end of the old portage is marked by the Chicago Portage National Historic Site, which commemorates...
...made at various points between the Des Plaines and Chicago Rivers as well as between the Calumet and...
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| 745 |
Mailing To the World, Sarah S. Marcus(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Gallery)
) ...Machinery Industry ; Innovation, Invention, Chicago Business ; International Harvester Co. ;...
...Unionization Sarah S. Marcus The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago ©...
...2005 Chicago Historical Society. The Encyclopedia of Chicago © 2004 The Newberry Library. All Rights...
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| 746 |
Chinatown, Ying-cheng (Harry) Kiang(
Authored Entry
) ...i3494 Parade in Chinatown, 1928. Photographer: Unknown. Source: Chicago Historical Society. FIGURE 1...
...Fe Railroad parallels the South Branch of the Chicago River , which forms its northwest boundary....
...critical shortage of open space, the city of Chicago is building a 12-acre park along the east bank...
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| 747 |
Highland Park, IL, Derek Vaillant(
Authored Entry
) ...concerts in a wooded outdoor setting, including performances by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra ....
...bluffs, lake vistas,ravines, and accessibility to Chicago support the foresight of nineteenthcentury...
...this picturesque suburb as a retreat for Chicago's affluent professionals. Indian trails and mounds...
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| 748 |
Housing Reform, Gail Radford(
Authored Entry
) ...century neared its end, housing reformers in Chicago struggled with these issues as they sought...
...In 1878 the Chicago Board of Health published its first reports on overcrowding and lack of...
...of squalid living conditions that existed in Chicago, in hopes of building momentum for change....
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| 749 |
Judaism, Arnold Jacob Wolf(
Authored Entry
) ...of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, Chicago's Jewish community was solid and growing. An...
...Many, like Isaac Mayer Wise of Cincinnati (Chicago's rival for leadership in the Reform movement),...
...where young people whose parents had come to Chicago in 1900 or slightly later could meet, court,...
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| 750 |
Swimming, Robert Pruter(
Authored Entry
) ...Chicago's elite athletic clubs and...
...YMCAs pioneered competitive swimming in Chicago during the 1890s....
...The Chicago Athletic Association, the city's principal athletic club, opened its pool in 1893,...
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| 751 |
Telegraph, Christopher Thale(
Authored Entry
) ...its first practical demonstration in 1844, came to Chicago in 1848. Telegraphy made possible instant...
...friends and relatives that they had survived. Chicago quickly became the eastern terminus of “...
...messages. The telegraph in turn promoted Chicago's economic growth. It proved critical in managing...
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| 752 |
Funeral Service Industry, Mark R. Wilson(
Authored Entry
) ...of rituals and activities connected with death. In Chicago, as in most cities, much of this work has...
...with particular religious or ethnic groups. The Chicago area is historically distinctive, however,...
...century. During the city's first decades, Chicago families who required undertaking services often...
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| 753 |
Jamaicans, Robert Morrissey(
Authored Entry
) ...and Evanston. In 1982, the Jamaican Consulate in Chicago began publishing a nationally circulated...
...The consular office has also published a newsletter for the Chicago community, the Jamaica Bridge....
...1940s saw the first major influx of Jamaicans to Chicago. Like other West Indians, Jamaican men were...
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| 754 |
Musical Instrument Manufacturing, Craig H. Roell(
Authored Entry
) ...After the Great Fire of 1871 , Chicago quickly became a national center in musical instrument...
...especially organs and pianos. Indeed, by 1910 Chicago manufacturers were supplying about half of all...
...magnitude of the trade. Significantly, the Chicago World's Columbian Exposition in 1893 sparked a...
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| 755 |
Rock Music, Clark “Bucky” Halker(
Authored Entry
) ...collar credentials became a liability. Fewer Chicago artists got record contracts. Nevertheless, a...
...format in the 1970s and early 1980s. In the 1990s Chicago experienced a rock renaissance. Punk rock...
...and the critical arbiters of taste deemed Chicago “hip. ” The Smashing Pumpkins and rich-kid-turned-...
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| 756 |
Chemicals, Mark R. Wilson(
Authored Entry
) ...making corporations with headquarters in the Chicago area at this time were IMC Global, a leading...
...and CBI Industries (a descendant of the Chicago Bridge & Iron Company), which produced carbon...
...represented one of the leading economic sectors in Chicago, the metropolitan region has been home to...
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| 757 |
Rush Street Bridge, Page 1, Ann Durkin Keating(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Photo Essay)
) ...in use on the night of October 8, 1871, when it was destroyed by the Chicago Fire. See also: Fire of...
...Rush Street, c.1900 Photographer: Mellen Source: Chicago Historical Society (ICHi-00170) The swing...
...bridge at Rush Street was rebuilt after the 1871 Chicago Fire. At the turn of the last century, the...
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| 758 |
Kane County, Craig L. Pfannkuche(
Authored Entry
) ...west bank awaited primarily Yankee- and New York–born settlers who edged out of Chicago after 1832....
...Easy fording sites concentrated road traffic from Chicago to the northwest (U.S. 20), west (Illinois...
...The third, a limestone building designed by Chicago architect John M. Van Osdel, served the county...
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| 759 |
Building a Bridge, Page 2, Ann Durkin Keating(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Photo Essay)
) ...Bridges ; Chicago River Back | Page 1 | Page 2 | Forward The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago ©...
...2005 Chicago Historical Society....
...The Encyclopedia of Chicago © 2004 The Newberry Library. All Rights Reserved. Portions are...
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| 760 |
Rescue Missions, R. Jonathan Moore(
Authored Entry
) ...prostitutes, and saloon frequenters. By 1871, Chicago had over 33 rescue missions. The nonsectarian...
...the Salvation Army began its ongoing mission to Chicago's poor. Both organizations revealed a trend...
...Garden Mission , perhaps the most visible Chicago rescue mission and the site of evangelist Billy...
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